Medicina Molecular e Genética

A Successful Kidney Transplant for a Case of LMX1B Gene Mutation with a Positive Family History of Polycystic Kidney Disease

Abstract

El-Kossi M, Sherazee T and Halawa A

Nail-Patella syndrome is pleiotropic autosomal dominant disorder characterized by skeletal abnormalities and frequently renal disease. In this case report genetic analysis revealed a pathogenic heterozygous missense mutation of the LMX1B gene as c.[737G>A], p.([Arg246Gln)]. This variant is predicted to cause substitution of a basic arginine residue for a polar uncharged glutamine residue at position 246. The nucleotide at position 737 and amino acid at position 246 are both highly conserved across species. Although LMX1B mutation causing hereditary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) without any extra-renal involvement has been described as nail patella like renal disease (NPLRD) where there is partial impairment of transcriptional activity with these mutations leading to absence of other features of nail patella syndrome (NPS). Our case report gets interesting as patient had progressed relatively quickly to end stage renal disease. Some of heterozygous gene mutation FSGS cases are expected to recur after kidney transplantation. Our case has received a successful renal transplant from brother which is working well for the last 3 years without any evidence of recurrence. Another interesting feature of our case was the strong family history of unrelated other renal genetic disorder autosomal dominant adult polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).