Jornal da Poluição

In the last few decades, harmful human activities such as burning fossil fuels have caused a rapid rise in toxic greenhouse gas emissions, trapping Earth’s surface heat which raises global temperatures. The issue of global warming is prevalent today as temperatures on Earth are increasing at an alarming rate. This increase causes the ice caps in the Arctic Sea and Antarctica to melt faster which is problematic because cumulative research attests that ice restrains sea levels from reaching cataclysmic levels. The Arctic Ocean and Antarctica exhibit a balancing effect that controls he amount of ice melted and produced as each polar region experiences its summer or winter season. Furthermore, as vaporization levels are extremely low in Polar Regions, these regions utilize ice as a more effective alternative for water retention. In addition, because ice’s unique qualities, major volume displacement that would detrimentally damage coastal ports and cities can be evaded.

Apart from posing as leading cause of respiratory ailment, dust pollution over West Africa is known to hamper flight operations by reducing visibility during the dry season. Inspection of visibility is usually made through visual observation by meteorological observer, it accurate estimation therefore depends on the visual judgment of the observer. Also profile observations of atmospheric dust are not included in visibility record of meteorological stations. Much of the dust load in the atmosphere is held up in a layer above the surface which could descend to ground level resulting into poor visibility or lifted leading to clearance. In this paper, a method of dust pollution detection using radar reflectivity has been developed. Through this method, atmospheric dust load could be estimated and converted to visibility. Results of comparison between radar-derived visibility and observation show a good agreement with correlation coefficient of 0.81. Consequently, dust load beyond the reach of visual observation could be made enhancing atmospheric dust load prediction for aviation and health purpose among others.

In this research, a detailed study for energy consumption levels evaluation and environmental impacts assessment in the fertilizers production sector in Algeria was achieved. An analysis of the various inputs and outputs to the process to identify different sources of pollution throughout the life cycle of fertilizer was used. One product is making the subject in this study; CAN 27% N. The flows of material and energy for each phase of the life cycle were counted and the associated environmental problems were identified. The analysis was conducted according to the LCA standards ISO (International Standard Organization) 14040 series and the impacts categories studied are Global Warming Potential, Acidification Potential, Troposphere Ozone Precursor Potential and Resources use. The results show that Cumulative Energies Requirement and GHG emission in Algerian fertilizers production process are significant. Ammonia plant use 82% of total natural gas that is consumed by fertilizer manufactory. Production of ammonia per year requires 4.506 × 107 MJ of electricity and 2.059 × 108 of natural gas and generates 1.82 T CO₂ eq. (equivalent).

From identifying the disadvantages of the classic dust separator, we propose the appropriate solutions to overcome these disadvantages and we have obtained nine different types of dust separators for dust collection from different industrial emissions. These new dust separators allow us to recover almost completely the industrial dust contained in various industrial emissions streams. Examine the classic reactor for the classic solid-liquid-gas heterogeneous system, find that it has disadvantage and find a solution to overcome that disadvantage and that we have a new solid-liquid-gas heterogeneous reactors. This devices can be intermittent or continuous, and when assembled we will have combined gas-solid-liquid heterogeneous reactors with industrial capacity to meet the requirements of industrial practice. From these new devices, we can propose three new technologies: No-waste technology for treatment and reuse industrial emissions, CO₂ capture from industrial gases in the form of powder NaHCO₃, CO₂ capture from industrial gases in the form of food clean liquid CO₂ or dry ice.

Leukemia remains one of the most misunderstood malignancies despite remarkable advances in molecular biology and immunology. Progress made in understanding its etiology and pathophysiology has been limited by its low incidence rate and the potential for multiple etiological factors. Some of the described etiological factors include environmental factors (benzene, ionizing radiation, non-ionizing electromagnetic fields, pesticides, occupational or parental occupational exposures), diet factors (vitamins A and D), infection factors (retroviruses), medical and iatrogenic factors (diagnostic radiographs, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy agents) and hereditary and genetic factors.