Jornal de Citologia e Histologia

Artificial intelligence has emerged as a transformative technology in healthcare, offering new tools and approaches to improve diagnostics and patient care. In histopathology, AI has the potential to revolutionize traditional practices by enhancing accuracy, efficiency, and scalability. This review explores the opportunities presented by AI in histopathology, including automated image analysis, predictive modeling, and personalized medicine. Additionally, ethical considerations surrounding the adoption of AI in histopathology practice are discussed, highlighting issues related to data privacy, algorithm bias, and professional responsibility.

Neurodegenerative diseases represent a significant and growing burden on global healthcare systems, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Understanding the histopathological changes associated with these diseases is crucial for accurate diagnosis and the development of effective therapeutic strategies. This review explores the histopathological hallmarks of major neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these histopathological changes, their implications for disease diagnosis, and current and emerging therapeutic approaches targeting these pathological features.

Immunohistochemistry has long been a cornerstone of diagnostic pathology, allowing for the visualization and characterization of specific proteins within tissue specimens. With the advent of precision medicine, IHC has gained increasing importance in guiding personalized treatment decisions and predicting patient outcomes. This review explores the expanding applications of IHC in various disease contexts, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Additionally, we discuss emerging technologies and future directions for IHC, including multiplex staining, digital pathology, and artificial intelligence-assisted analysis, which promise to enhance the utility and effectiveness of IHC in the era of precision medicine.

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach in cancer treatment, leveraging the body's immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. Histopathology, the examination of tissue changes at a microscopic level, plays a crucial role in understanding the complex interactions between tumors and the immune system. This research article provides insights into the role of histopathology in cancer immunotherapy, highlighting its significance in patient stratification, response prediction, and treatment monitoring. Furthermore, it discusses challenges associated with histopathological assessment in the context of immunotherapy and suggests potential solutions to overcome these hurdles.