Microbiologia Médica e Diagnóstico

New Approaches to Anti-infective Treatment of Ventilator-Associated Respiratory Infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Sebastian O Decker, Ricardo Riebold da Costa, Karsten Schmidt, Florian Uhle, Christoph Lichtenstern, Thomas Bruckner, Dominic Störzinger, Alexandra Heininger, Alexis Ulrich, Markus A Weigand, Stefan Hofer and Thorsten Brenner

Study background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate recent strategies for anti-infective treatment in patients suffering from ventilator-associated respiratory infections caused by P. aeruginosa and to assess the riskbenefit profile of inhaled tobramycin.
Methods: Electronic health records of patients suffering from respiratory infections caused by P. aeruginosa from 2011-2014 were retrospectively screened.
Results: In 81 patients, P. aeruginosa was found in respiratory secretions, of which 26 patients suffered from ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), whereas 55 patients only fulfilled criteria of ventilator-associated tracheitis (VAT). Inhaled tobramycin was used in 14 patients with VAP and 31 patients with VAT. In this context, inhaled tobramycin was shown to be safe (e.g. no bronchoconstriction or systemic toxicity) and did not result in an increase of tobramycin resistant strains in respiratory secretions at 90 days following study inclusion. However, a clear clinical benefit (e.g. reduced need for i.v. antibiotics) could not be shown.\
Conclusion: Inhaled tobramycin was shown to be a suitable approach with a favorable risk profile to treat patients suffering from respiratory infections (VAP, VAT) caused by P. aeruginosa. The clinical benefit needs to be reevaluated in a larger prospective investigation.