Jornal de Citologia e Histologia

Isolated Myeloid Sarcoma of the Maxillary Sinus: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract

Chi-Kuang Young, Tuan-Jen Fang, Yushin-Hung, Wen-Yu Chuang and Ta-Jen Lee

Myeloid sarcoma is a rare malignant disease defined as extramedullary infiltration of immature myeloid cells and may precede or occur synchronously with acute myeloid leukemia. We reported a 35-year-old male of isolated myeloid sarcoma who presented with symptoms similar to chronic rhinosinusitis initially. Isolated myeloid sarcoma in the paranasal sinuses is exceedingly rare after reviewing the previous literatures. Through proper histological, adequate panels of immunohistochemical stain (positive markers including CD68/KP1, myeloperoxidase, CD 117, CD 99, CD68/PG-M1, lysozyme, CD34, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and negative markers including CD3, CD20, CD45RO and CD79a) and cytogenic study lead to accurate diagnosis. Early intervention with systemic chemotherapy with cytarabine-based regimens is the treatment of choice. The role of chromosomal aberrations and genetic abnormality related to prognosis remain uncertain.