Medicina Alternativa e Integrativa

Acaricidal Activity of Crude Extract of Annona Squamosa against Hyalomma Anatolicum (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae)

Abstract

Ilham MO, Razzig AAA, Elhaj MT and Mohammed YO

The acaricidal activities of crude ethanolic extract of the leaves of Annona squamosa (annonaceae) was assessed against flat larvae and engorged female adults Hyalomma anatolicum using larval (LIT) and adult (AIT) immersion test, respectively. In the LIT, six concentrations of the crude extract (150 mg/ml (15%), 75 mg/ml (7.5%), 37.5 mg/ml (3.75%), 18.75 mg/ml (1.875%), 9.375 mg/ml (0.9375%) and 4.6875 mg/ml (0.46875%) with three replicates for each were used. The same concentrations with 6 replicates were used for AIT. The obtained results indicated that the crude ethanolic extract of A. squamosa at all concentrations used, is toxic to H. anatolicum larvae and adults. In the LIT mortality rate was observed to vary from 14.983 to 100%, 48 h after treatment. The mortality increased with increase concentration. LC50 and LC99 were 1.366% and 10.170%, respectively. On the other hand the effectiveness of AIT treatment against engorged females was assessed by measuring mortality, inhibition of egg production, hatchability and inhibition of reproduction (growth inhibition). AIT showed 100% mortality at the concentration of 15% and 7.5%, egg laying inhibition of 60.365, 62.282, 81.224, 94.117% and hatching inhibition of 28.4194, 80.69516, 88.89439 and 95.40229%, at the concentration of 0.46875, 0.9375, 1.875 and 3.75%, respectively. Our results showed that crude ethanolic extract of A. squamosa is a promising botanical acaricide and growth inhibitor against H. anatolicum.