Jornal de Economia Global

This paper explores the intricate relationship between sanctions and developing countries, focusing on their economic, political and humanitarian impacts. Sanctions, often employed as diplomatic tools, can significantly affect the economies, politics and well-being of vulnerable populations in developing nations. Trade restrictions and financial penalties can hinder economic growth, while political consequences may lead to regime entrenchment or instability. Most concerning are the humanitarian effects, including restricted access to healthcare and food security. Developing countries employ various strategies to mitigate these impacts, emphasizing the need for a nuanced and balanced approach to sanctions to prevent unintended harm to the most vulnerable.

As the world grapples with the urgent need to mitigate the impacts of climate change, green finance and investment have emerged as critical drivers of the low-carbon transition. This article delves into the intricacies of green finance and its role in supporting investments that contribute to a sustainable, low-carbon future. With a focus on both the financial and environmental aspects, we explore key concepts, challenges, and opportunities associated with green finance and investment. This comprehensive discussion aims to provide insights into how these mechanisms can play a pivotal role in addressing the global climate crisis. Governments and regulatory bodies are increasingly supportive of green finance. Incentives, subsidies, and favorable policies are encouraging more investments in sustainable initiatives.

As the world grapples with the urgent need to transition to renewable energy sources, hydropower stands as a stalwart contributor to a sustainable future. This article explores the pivotal role that hydropower plays in a renewable energy-powered world. From its history and environmental impacts to modern advancements and future prospects, we delve into the multifaceted nature of hydropower. This energy source not only generates clean electricity but also offers a range of ancillary benefits, making it a crucial component of the renewable energy mix.

Local government implicit debt poses a significant financial risk, and its contagion potential can have far-reaching implications. This paper employs a complex network analysis framework to examine how implicit debt risk propagates through local governments. Moreover, it explores the importance of multi-subject coordination in managing and mitigating these risks. Through empirical data and network modeling, this study unveils the interconnectedness of local governments' implicit debt and suggests strategies for effective risk management.

Cryptocurrency is an innovative concept of virtual/digital currency that has attracted substantial interest in last few years from the risk takers, profit seekers, general public and academic practitioners. Cryptocurrency is a digital currency designed to work as a medium of exchange through a computer network that is not reliant on any central authority, such as a RBI or government, to uphold or maintain it. Crypto typically use decentralized control as opposed to a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). Crypto has turned out to be a new avenue of investment instrument in India similar to gold. The attributes of cryptocurrency framework like decentralized network, reduced dependency on cash, no intermediaries, and the lack of stable pricing factors do not let it unlock its true potential.

The Indian cryptocurrency economy has been ranked second in global cryptocurrency adoption, just behind Vietnam. The size of the cryptotech market in India is anticipated to reach $241 million by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 14%, with the potential of creating 877,000 jobs by then. The crypto-tech ecosystem is developing rapidly with more than 230 startups mushrooming and almost $270 million invested in Indian block chain and crypto startups till 2021. About 1.8% of India’s adult population has invested in crypto until 2021, a growth of 2.2 × over a year.

This study focuses on understanding what cryptocurrency is all about and its overall impact on the Indian economy. The future of cryptocurrency is uncertain. The study also focuses on the existing scenario and future prospects of cryptocurrency in India.

This study aimed to find out the relationship of factors that are prevailing in the mind of a common customer who is using a bank or any bank for his/her financial transaction. Research conducted to evaluate the common indicators that matter the most while someone intends to use Ebanking. This study examined the respondent’s results which were gathered and interpreted its results therein about intentions to use Ebanking. The results come from a cross sectional study which was done at the convenience of the researcher. The results may not be generalized across the country as there results of the study may differ in other cities of Pakistan as there always exists difference of opinion and approach to adopt anything region wise. Study founded that bank customer either internal or external has difference of opinion in their apparent usage regarding E-banking. Trust factor is the most vital factor that is directly related to the adoption feature related to E-banking. Those customers who have wisdom about technology advancement adopt E-banking easily while rest have confusions and observations regarding trustworthiness of the electronic services as this type of banking does not satisfies them. While the other factor which is studied in the study is technology support which is also proved to be the significant factor which is affecting the adoption of E-banking. Consumers have that understanding that using the electronic banking software and applications are difficult and time taking whereas the situation in totally different from that. Customer of the bank is mostly unaware of the fact that using E-banking also depends upon their perceived usefulness. As when the customers will have the understanding regarding its importance there will be certain increase in the adoption of this type of banking. Perceived usefulness was used as a moderator in this study having moderate impact on the relationships of variables used in this paper. In Pakistani context as customers are more indulged towards having trust issue rather understanding the benefits and usefulness of the technology. This study has attempted to enhance the existing body of language in this sector of Pakistan which can help the financial institutions like banks enhance their services and consumers acceptability towards E-banking.

This study aimed to investigate the prospects and challenges of women's participation in various leadership positions in south Wollo zone of Ethiopia. To achieve this objective a descriptive and explanatory design type research was employed. Both simple random and purposive sampling was taken to select the respondents from 26 public offices of the administration where employees and office leaders were included in the study with which data were collected through a survey questionnaire and interview. For this study, 225 valid observations were employed and data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and analyzed data were presented in the form of tables using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, T-Test and exploratory factor analysis. The finding revealed that women's participation in leadership was found to be low which might be attributed to challenges of socio-cultural settings and community attitude, lack of skill and capability as well as access to education and space for undertaking leadership roles. Apart from the challenges, opportunities were also identified supported by no significant differences among the respondent’s gender and the existence of a positive attitude toward women's involvement in leadership and participation to assume positions in the study area. To this end, the study recommended that capacity building through training and development, encouraging and involving women in various leadership forums and improvement and widening of the existing opportunities should have to be put into practice to strengthen their participation in various leadership positions.

The gender issue is a key concern of economic development in a less developed country in general and Ethiopia in particular. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the factors affecting gender bias and its links to economic vulnerability in the Jimma Zone using cross-sectional survey data gathered in 2020/21. A cross-sectional survey data was collected from 399 respondents in Jimma Zone. Primary and secondary data were used. Qualitative and quantitative primary data were employed. Descriptive statistics and econometric methods were developed for the data analysis. The results of binary log it regression showed that the female was significantly affected by age, sex, sexual harassment, marital status, educational status, mother education, income status, community attitude, credit use, and access to information. Therefore, this study recommends the respective bodies focus on awareness creation for the gender issue, which is a base to achieving sustainable economic development.