Revista de Artes e Ciências Sociais

This paper argues that violence is an emergent property of the types of agents that constitute society. A categorization of the types of agents helps determine the social mechanisms and processes that prevent an appropriate understanding of violence. Introducing the concept of emergence allows an exploration of the different types of agents and emergent properties of violence that were elaborated and reproduced through social mechanisms and processes. The different aspects of violence and evil caused by the different types of agents are important issues that will be examined in order to solve the contradictions and misunderstandings that arise from the relationship between the types of evil doing and its relation to structural violence as an emergent property. Concepts that clarified the different types of emerging properties and the types of agents and its respective components were developed to shed light on the processes that gave rise to the issues that surround complex situations of violence

This study examines the selection criteria and the screening stages of entrepreneur projects in order to attract the most suitable people and projects for benefiting from Incubation Programs under study. It also aims at determining the criteria that contribute to choosing the entrepreneur projects and people. Due to the nature of the study, the researchers used the descriptive analytical approach. The study population includes all the people whose ideas participated in the screening and selection stages for the Mobaderoon Project in its first and second phases by using complete census sampling. The total number of the study population is 110 people (60 projects). The members of the study population went through different stages of screening and selection (Primary screening-interviews-plans evaluation). This was achieved by distributing (110) questionnaires to the entire study population, (80) of which were collected back with a percentage of 72.7%. The study findings show a statistically significant relationship between the factors affecting the choice of entrepreneur projects (Originality of the idea, specialization\education, gender, professional experience, capability of implementation, feasibility study, marketing study, technical study, financial study, and work team) and the success of choosing these projects in the Mobaderoon Program. The findings also reveal that four of these factors contribute with a percentage of 75% to the success of selecting the entrepreneur projects in the following order: work team, the financial study, the marketing study, and finally the originality of the idea. The remaining factors affect the success of selection by 25% only.

The Protection of critical information infrastructures from cyber-attacks is becoming an acute problem for Cameroon. Cyber security has turned into a national policy priority while National cyber security strategies seek to drive economic and social prosperity and protect cyberspace-reliant societies against cyber-threats. This is why, in order to cope with this policy problem, the government must lead. Empirical findings and expert consultation/ observation reveal that Government leadership is inhibited by the constant evolving and cross-border nature of cyberattacks. Against this backdrops, this paper recommends a flexible, multifaceted and holistic leadership approach that ensures information sharing, collaboration amongst stakeholders and international cooperation.

Since the attainment of her independence in 1963, Kenya embarked on fighting three challenges that is; poverty, diseases and ignorance. Education is an important pillar in spurring positive strides towards development of all countries across the globe. This has seen most countries, Kenya not being an exception strive to achieve it for its populace benefit. The paper discusses on the challenges faced by informal private schools raging from poor management and leadership; poor remuneration and demoralization of teachers; lack of financial resources; and lack of collaboration among key stakeholders such as teachers, parents, students and the community. The paper thus concludes that these challenges are directly congruent to the existing poor conditions of the schools; and if corrected will create a serene environment for learning and better academic results.

The paper “The Metaphysical as Ecological” present a kind of Reflexive Metaphysics. It deals with the possibility that the metaphysical could be viewed as ecological. It addresses a controversy that sees metaphysics or philosophy as one of the many causes of ecological crisis. It therefore shows that in the context of Reflexive Metaphysics the metaphysical integrates with the ecological.

The present study is conducted on the important aspects of women empowerment in Assam and India. This study based on qualitative content analysis method. The information and data are collected from secondary sources like: printed books, journals, newspapers, periodicals, web sites and Ph.D. thesis etc. This paper highlights important aspects of women empowerment in Assam and India.

This study examines the main determinants of rural household poverty in the district of Dejen Amhara regional state using primary data collected through questionnaire. Through multi-stage sampling technique the data was collected from a total of 204 sample households from rural area of Dejen district in the year 2016. The FGT poverty index (Foster, Greer and Thorbecke) was employed to examine the extent and severity of rural poverty in Dejen. Accordingly, nearly 49% of the sampled rural households’ lives below poverty line with an average poverty gap of 0.083 and poverty severity gap of 0.065. The probit model used to analyze the main determinants of rural poverty. Based on the probit model analysis output, household size, sex of households, dependency ratio and livestock ownership are found to be the key determinants of rural poverty. Poverty status is negatively correlated with total number of livestock a household owned and sex of household heads (male dummy). On one hand, family size and dependency ratio are positively related to poverty status of households. So, as parts of policy implication this study suggests that promoting and giving awareness about family planning and putting the existing policy in effect and integrated health service with appropriate access would result in curbing the degree of poverty among rural households. Technical advice and training, how to use their cattle’s, should offer from the concerned body in order to strengthen their benefits for the rural poor and help them to exit from poverty. There should also be a need to encourage and give awareness to the population that females are productive and means of development and a way to combat poverty and gender basis development policy measures targeting anti-poverty involvements are useful to curb poverty in rural areas of Dejen.