Arquivos de Oncologia Cirúrgica

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men worldwide, with approximately 1.3 million new cases and 359,000 deaths reported in 2018 alone. The incidence of prostate cancer varies widely across regions, with higher rates observed in developed countries. The majority of cases are diagnosed in men over the age of 65, although the disease can occur at any age. Early detection of prostate cancer is essential for successful treatment outcomes. Screening tests, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood tests and digital rectal examinations (DRE), are commonly used to detect prostate cancer. However, low knowledge of prostate cancer screening and wrong perceptions about the disease can lead to poor screening practices, resulting in delayed diagnoses and poorer outcomes.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare form of cancer that affects children. It is a malignant tumor that develops in the muscles that are responsible for movement, such as those in the arms, legs and torso. RMS can occur in any part of the body, but it is most commonly found in the head and neck area, followed by the genitourinary tract, extremities and trunk. RMS is a type of soft tissue sarcoma, which means it originates in the body's connective tissues, including muscle, fat and fibrous tissue. RMS is the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in children, with around 350 new cases diagnosed in the United States each year.