Psicologia Anormal e Comportamental

Deception has been a part of human behaviour for as long as we can remember, making it a critical challenge in various fields, including law enforcement and the judicial system. Forensic psychology plays a crucial role in unravelling the complexities of deception detection. This article explores the methodologies, techniques, and ethical considerations involved in the use of forensic psychology to detect deception, shedding light on its significance in contemporary society. Deception is a universal human behaviour, and its detection has been a subject of interest across cultures and throughout history. In contemporary society, the quest to uncover truth and lies is particularly relevant in the realms of law enforcement, judicial proceedings, and national security

Forensic psychology plays a pivotal role in understanding and unmasking the criminal mind, especially when it comes to profiling serial offenders. This article delves into the intricate world of forensic psychology, discussing its significance in solving crimes and providing insights into the minds of serial offenders. Through an exploration of key concepts, methodologies, and real-life cases, we aim to shed light on the invaluable contributions of forensic psychology to the field of criminal profiling. The enigmatic nature of criminal behaviour has long captivated the human imagination. Serial offenders, in particular, have remained a subject of intense interest and scrutiny for both law enforcement and the general public. To unmask the criminal mind and gain insights into what drives serial offenders to commit heinous acts, forensic psychology has emerged as a vital tool. This article will elucidate the fundamental role of forensic psychology in profiling serial offenders, exploring its methodologies, psychological assessment techniques, and real-world applications.

Cognitive rehabilitation is a crucial and evolving field of therapy that plays a pivotal role in helping individuals regain function and independence after brain injuries. This article explores the significance of cognitive rehabilitation in addressing a wide range of cognitive impairments resulting from Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and other neurological conditions. It delves into the various approaches, techniques, and strategies employed in cognitive rehabilitation and highlights the transformative impact it has on patients' lives. This comprehensive overview aims to provide insights into the importance of early intervention, tailored rehabilitation programs, and the multidisciplinary nature of cognitive rehabilitation. The article also discusses emerging trends and technologies in the field and emphasizes the importance of patient-centered care in achieving optimal outcomes.

One of the educational problems, especially in the early years of education, is learning disorders, which can be seen in some students and has effects on their personal and social life. This research is a review of the methods of diagnosis and treatment of learning disorders according to the new approach of neuropsychology. In this study, 64 domestic and foreign articles and books of recent years (until 2021) have been used regarding treatment methods for various learning disorders, including dyslexia, math learning disorder, and dyslexia, according to the neuropsychological approach. Neuropsychology studies the effects of brain structure and function on the formation of psychological processes and provides methods to improve students' performance in improving reading and writing and math skills. In this article, in these three areas, methods have been extracted that have more of a movement aspect and are in the form of a game; To improve brain function and learning disorders by stimulating cells and neural networks.

Taking care of pets is a phenomenon which has increased during the last decade in Iran, which can be due to the personality traits and psychological characteristics of people, and it can affect the psychological welfare of those people. Accordingly, the current study tries to compare the personality traits and psychological welfare of pet owners and ordinary people. The study uses a causative comparative method and the statistical population of the study includes all the pet owners visiting veterinary clinics of Kerman city and ordinary people living in Kerman city within the age range of 18 to 45 years from August, 2021 to February, 2022. 420 participants (210 participants for each group) were selected using convenient sampling method as the sample of the study. In order to gather the required data, two questionnaires including psychological welfare questionnaire (RSPWB) and Neo’s five-factor questionnaire were used. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software application and descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t-test). The results of the study show that the level of neuroticism and openness was higher among pet owners compared to ordinary people; however, the levels of extroversion, compatibility, and responsibility were higher among ordinary individuals compared to pet owners. Moreover, the psychological welfare and its components, including self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, control over the environment, and purposeful life were higher among ordinary people than the pet owners.

Introduction: Domestic violence is a significant problem that demands research and intervention. In many Arab societies, domestic violence has expanded to be a common occurrence. The study aims to identify the most prevalent forms of domestic violence and their impact on middle school student's academic achievement.

Methods: A descriptive correlational study used a cross-sectional study design has been used through a questionnaire that was distributed among 597 middle school students from eighteen schools in Kirkuk, Iraq, conducted between November 2022 and March 2023. Excellent internal consistency reliability was shown by the instrument (Cronbach's alpha=0.91). To choose schools and subsequently classes, the researchers applied the stratified random sampling technique.

Results: Findings revealed that (43%) had ever been the victim of domestic violence, whereas (57%) had never experienced violence of those, 56.6% had experienced verbal violence, 25% had experienced psychological violence and 18.4% had experienced physical violence. The findings show that females (54.7%) are more likely than men (45.3%) to be subjected to violence. The amount of domestic violence used against students, particularly physical violence was significantly influenced by the family's monthly income at (P-value=0.003) and the parent's education levels at (P-value=0.001). 68% of battered students performed poorly academically. The study's findings show domestic violence impacts students' ability to pay attention and concentrate in class.

Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a moderate prevalence of domestic violence among middle school students. Experiencing any domestic violence, especially psychological violence, impacts class participation, school attendance and academic achievement.