Ciência e terapia do câncer

Use of Enzalutamide in Carcinoma Prostate

Abstract

Rajendra Nerli

Patients with metastatic prostate cancer are initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy as androgen receptor (AR) signalling is a key pathway in prostate cancer. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a stage when patients stop responding to androgen deprivation therapy but are still dependent on AR signalling. Enzalutamide, an orally available AR inhibitor, was initially used in the treatment of patients with metastatic CRPC who had previously received docetaxel. The indications have subsequently been extended to include all patients with metastatic CRPC, and most recently to include patients with non-metastatic CRPC. On December 16, 2019, the Food and Drug Administration approved enzalutamide for patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). The most common adverse reactions that have been reported in enzalutamide-treated patients include hot flushes, asthenia/fatigue, hypertension, fractures, and musculoskeletal pain. The recommended dose is 160 mg (four 40 mg capsules) administered orally once daily, with or without food.