Dereje Abera, Adugna Fetene, Ahmedin Beshir, Yilkal Kebede, Yitbarek Getachew
Trypanosomosis is protozoan disease that causes serious economic losses through reduced production and productivity in livestock sector, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Gomma district southwestern part of Ethiopia to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis using buffy coat technique. Types and population of trypanosoma vectors in area were also described. Accordingly, 384 cattle were tested and among the animals 15 (3.9%) were infected with the one or more trypanosoma species that included Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma congolense. Body condition of the animal showed significant association (P<0.05) with trypanosome infection. Relatively higher prevalence (8.8%) was seen in animals with poor condition than that of those with good (1.4%) and medium (1.14%) body condition. Host factors like age and sex were not associated with infection rate. The mean PCV values of parasitologically negative (26.49%) animals were higher than that of positive ones (23.53%). A total of 175 tsetse flies were collected and the density of Glossina species was 1.458 fly/trap/ day. Based on this assessment two species of tsetse flies including Glossina morsitans and Glossina tachinoides were recorded from the area. The present study revealed that prevalence (3.9%) of trypanosomosis and apparent tsetse density in the study area was somewhat lower in comparable with nearby districts. This may be due to vector control programs practiced in the area. Therefore, further controlling of trypanosomosis and its vector control and prevention strategies should be strengthen and continued.
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