Abdelfattah S Saad, Magdy A Massoud, Ranya A Amer and Mohamed A Ghorab
The present study objectively conducted to analysis the physico-chemical parameters and water quality of Mariout Lake water may be changed by several factors in the last decades as a result of anthropogenic activities. the water samples were collected from five sampling stations during the (June to November 2014-2015). The range of physico-chemical parameters were observed Temperature (15.1-32.6)°C, Conductivity (280-380) μ mhos/cum, Total Dissolved Solid (345 -388) mg/l, pH (7.16-8.6), O2 Sat 33.2-97.8%, Free alkalinity (3.34-6.73) mg/l, Total alkalinity (120-265) mg/l, DO (2.14-5.63) mg/l, BOD (2.6-15.2) mg/l, COD (7.4-15.6) mg/l, Chloride (13.6-33.2) mg/l, Calcium hardness (81.8-146.4) mg/l, Total hardness (100-289) mg/l, Nitrate-nitrogen (7.4-11.1) μM, Ammonia (87.0-234.7) μM, N/P ratio (13.4-32.7) μM and Silicate (14.6-221.9) μM during the study. It was concluded that temperature, pH, total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, calcium hardness beyond the prescribed limits of WHO. We found that two identified sources are the main origin of most pollutants in this Lake, namely: El-Kalaa drain and industrial activities in Alexandria City. From the data of water quality index (WQI) and other parameters indicates that site V, EL-Mex Bay is more polluted than the other sites (from El-Umum Drain, El-Umum outlet, El Kalaa and El-Mex Pump station). For the sake of this work it is better first to give a preface about the general characteristics of the whole Mariout Lake, and indicated for the quality of the aquatic ecosystem is of great interest to the entire world. Introduction of different waste products into estuaries and seas especially those in industrial and population centers has lead to significant increase in the level of contamination by different pollutants.
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